Magical girls (é"法å°'女, mahÅ shÅjo, also known as mahou shoujo or majokko) is a subgenre of Japanese fantasy anime and manga which feature girls who use magic.
Genre history
Manga and anime historians regard the Princess Knight manga, released in 1953, as a prototype for the magical girl genre. Himitsu no Akko-chan, serialized in 1962 in Ribon, is regarded as the earliest magical girl manga.
The Japanese dub of the American TV series Bewitched became popular among Japanese girls in the 1960s and inspired Mitsuteru Yokoyama to create Sally the Witch, which was serialized in Ribon from 1966 to 1967. Sally was adapted into an anime in 1966 which is regarded by historians as the first magical girl anime.
The Sailor Moon manga and anime are considered to have revitalized the genre and paved the way for later successful titles.
After 2003, magical girl anime marketed to male audiences such as Magical Girl Lyrical Nanoha became a prolific trend alongside the traditional female-oriented works.
The magical girl genre earned renewed popularity in the 2010s with the advent of Puella Magi Madoka Magica, whose mature themes and darker atmosphere earned acclaim from viewers and critics outside the genre's target audience.
See also
- Girl Heroes
- Super Sentai
- Superheroine
References
Further reading
- Yoshida, Kaori (2002). "Evolution of Female Heroes: Carnival Mode of Gender Representation in Anime". Western Washington University. Retrieved 2007-09-22.Â
- Napier, Susan J. (1998) [1998]. "Vampires, Psychic Girls, Flying Women and Sailor Scouts". In Martinez, Dolores P. The Worlds of Japanese Popular Culture: Gender, Shifting Boundaries and Global Culture. Cambridge University Press. ISBNÂ 0-521-63128-9.Â
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